The Cook Islands, a self-governing territory in free association with New Zealand, comprise 15 islands scattered over a vast area of the South Pacific Ocean. While Polynesians settled the islands around the 6th century CE, European contact began in the 16th century, with the islands eventually named after British explorer Captain James Cook, who visited in the 1770s. Throughout the 19th century, the islands became a focus of Christian missionary work and were formally annexed by New Zealand in 1901. Since 1965, the Cook Islands have operated with significant autonomy under a parliamentary democracy, managing their own internal affairs while New Zealand handles defense and foreign relations. The vibrant culture of the Cook Islands reflects its Polynesian heritage, and while its economy relies largely on tourism, offshore banking, and the export of marine resources, the islands remain known for their striking natural beauty and warm hospitality.